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Retirement Shield
Retirement education for Americans 55–75
Estate Gap 56% of Baby Boomers have no will — and a will doesn't control what happens to your IRA — Trust & Will / Pew Research 2025
Beneficiary A beneficiary designation on your IRA overrides your will, by law. If you named your ex-spouse in 2004, they may still inherit your account
Social Security Claiming at 62 vs. 70 can mean a 77% difference in monthly benefit — permanently — SSA.gov
Medicare Part B late enrollment: 10% penalty per 12-month period you were eligible but didn't enroll. It never goes away — CMS
Tax When a spouse dies, the survivor's tax bracket can jump — same income, new filing status, higher rate — IRS Tax Rate Schedules
Estate Gap 56% of Baby Boomers have no will — and a will doesn't control what happens to your IRA — Trust & Will / Pew Research 2025
Beneficiary A beneficiary designation on your IRA overrides your will, by law. If you named your ex-spouse in 2004, they may still inherit your account
Social Security Claiming at 62 vs. 70 can mean a 77% difference in monthly benefit — permanently — SSA.gov
Medicare Part B late enrollment: 10% penalty per 12-month period you were eligible but didn't enroll. It never goes away — CMS
Tax When a spouse dies, the survivor's tax bracket can jump — same income, new filing status, higher rate — IRS Tax Rate Schedules
Estate & Legacy · A Note for People Who Just Realized

You have a will.
Your IRA
doesn't care.

A will covers your belongings and bank accounts. It does not cover your IRA, your 401(k), or your life insurance. Those accounts go to whoever you listed on a beneficiary form — the one you may have filled out years ago. If that person has died, divorced you, or was never updated, your will cannot fix it.

The 5-minute assessment below shows you exactly which gaps you have — and what your family would face if you don't close them. No signup required.

Estate & Legacy

Do you have an estate planning gap?

Most people over 55 have at least one. The most common one isn't a missing will — it's a retirement account with the wrong name on it, or no name at all. A beneficiary designation is a legal contract between you and your financial institution. It overrides your will. It overrides anything you told your children. And it was probably last updated when you opened the account.

Take the 5-Minute Assessment
40% of Baby Boomers have no will at all
Source: Pew Research / Trust & Will, 2025
Quick Self-Assessment — Tap what you know for certain:

If you couldn't check all five with certainty, the free assessment shows you exactly where the gaps are.

Six things your advisor knows.
Most people don't.

Each of the facts below is the kind of thing a financial or estate planning professional knows as routine. It isn't secret. It just never got explained. That's what Retirement Shield fixes.

Estate & Legacy

Your IRA beneficiary form overrides your will. Every time.

When you name a beneficiary on a retirement account, you're signing a contract with the financial institution. That contract is legally binding. Your will has no authority over it.

A will saying "all my property divided equally among my children" has no control over a $500,000 IRA naming only one child as beneficiary. The IRA goes to that one child, regardless. Source: IRS Contract Law; ACTEC Research
Tax Optimization

The Widow's Tax Penalty Nobody Warns You About

When a spouse dies, the surviving partner often has roughly the same income — but now files as a single taxpayer. The same dollars suddenly hit higher federal tax brackets.

A couple with $90,000 in income may pay 22% on the top portion. The same income, for the surviving spouse filing alone, can reach 24% or higher. Source: IRS Tax Rate Schedules
Estate & Legacy

A Will Does Not Avoid Probate — Only Certain Tools Do

Probate is the court process of validating a will and distributing assets. It's public record, can take 18–24 months, and in states like California, attorney fees are calculated on gross estate value.

A $1,000,000 home with an $800,000 mortgage is valued at $1,000,000 for probate fees in many states. The fee is calculated before subtracting what's owed. Source: State Probate Statutes; ACTEC
Tax Optimization

What "Step-Up in Basis" Actually Means for Your Heirs

When someone inherits an asset, the cost basis typically resets to the value on the date of death. This can erase decades of built-up capital gains taxes.

Stock bought for $10,000 and now worth $200,000 passes to an heir at a $200,000 basis. If sold immediately, no capital gains tax is owed on the $190,000 gain. Source: IRS Publication 551
Income Replacement

Social Security's Filing Age Locks In Your Monthly Benefit — Permanently

Filing before your full retirement age reduces your monthly benefit by a percentage applied for the rest of your life. It doesn't reset when you turn 65 or 66.

Claiming at 62 instead of 70 can reduce a monthly benefit by up to 77%, according to SSA. That difference compounds over 20+ years of payments. Source: SSA.gov; Publication No. 05-10024
Portfolio Protection

Medicare Does Not Cover Custodial (Long-Term) Care

Medicare covers skilled nursing care for up to 100 days per benefit period after a qualifying hospital stay. It does not cover ongoing help with daily activities.

The national median annual cost of a private room in a skilled nursing facility was $108,405 in 2023. Medicare's 100-day coverage ends, and the daily cost starts immediately after. Source: CMS.gov; Genworth Cost of Care Survey 2023

What you don't know about your IRA may cost your family more than what's in it.

Our free assessment maps every gap across your will, beneficiary designations, powers of attorney, and other documents. No signup required to start.

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"You have a will that says your IRA should be split equally between your two children. Your IRA beneficiary form, filled out in 2006, names only your oldest child. When you die, who receives the IRA?"
The answer is C. A beneficiary designation is a binding contract between you and the financial institution. It overrides the instructions in your will. The institution is not required to consult your will — they pay out according to the form on file. Source: IRS contract law; ACTEC research; 26 U.S.C. § 401(a)(11).
Sample from the Retirement Shield Estate Planning Gap Assessment
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Estate & Legacy
Wills, trusts, beneficiary designations, probate, and what actually happens to your assets when you're gone.
4 Articles · Start Here
💵
Income Replacement
Social Security, spousal benefits, pensions, and turning savings into lasting income.
8 Articles
📊
Tax Optimization
RMDs, Roth conversions, IRMAA, the widow's penalty, and the brackets most people don't see coming.
18 Articles
🛡️
Portfolio Protection
Sequence-of-returns risk, Medicare costs, long-term care, and sustainable spending in uncertain markets.
9 Articles
📋
Retirement Readiness
Medicare enrollment timelines, 401(k) rules, healthcare costs, and decisions before Day One.
33 Articles
View All Articles →
Estate & Legacy

When Should You Name a Trust as IRA Beneficiary? The SECURE Act Changed Everything

Referral Before 2020, naming a trust as the beneficiary of an IRA was a well-established estate planning technique. Heirs could stretch the distributions over their lifetimes, growing the account over decades while taking small, tax-managed withdrawals each year. For parents who wanted control over how heirs received a large inheritance, it was an efficient combination: the IRA's tax deferral, extended over a lifetime, with the trust's distribution controls layered on top. The SECURE Act of 2019 largely ended that. The rules governing trusts as IRA beneficiaries are now significantly more comp

Estate & Legacy

Your Spouse Cannot Make Financial Decisions For You Without This Document

Attorney Referral This is the most dangerous myth in retirement planning: that a spouse automatically has the legal authority to manage money, sign documents, and make financial decisions if their partner becomes incapacitated. They do not. Once a person turns 18, they are a separate legal entity. Marriage does not change that. A husband cannot sign his wife's tax return. A wife cannot sell real estate titled only in her husband's name. If a bank learns that one account holder has dementia, it may freeze or restrict the account — even a joint account — to prevent fraud. Without the right docum

Estate & Legacy

Healthcare Proxy vs. Living Will: You Probably Need Both

Attorney Referral When it comes to healthcare decisions, most people have one of two plans: either they have designated a family member to handle things, or they have written down their wishes somewhere. Neither of those, on its own, is a complete plan. There are two distinct legal documents for healthcare: a Healthcare Proxy (also called a Healthcare Power of Attorney or Designation of Healthcare Surrogate) and a Living Will (also called an Advance Directive). They do different things. In most states, the most effective approach is to have both — because each fills a gap the other cannot.

"I have a will. I did that years ago. That counts, right? …Wait. It says an IRA doesn't go through a will. Is Tom still my beneficiary? I never changed it. I never even thought about it."
— Margaret, 67, retired teacher · Ohio · Reading her gap report

Margaret isn't confused because she's careless. She's a 34-year classroom teacher who managed a household and filed her own taxes for decades. She didn't know about beneficiary designations because nobody told her — not the brokerage that sends quarterly statements, not the HR department that handed her the rollover forms. They knew. They just didn't explain it in words she could use. Every piece of Retirement Shield content passes one test before it publishes: Does this give someone information their advisor has, but they don't?

Read Our Editorial Mission
The Problem She Didn't Know She Had
She assumed her daughter would inherit everything because it said so in her will.

After reading the article on beneficiary designations, she logged into her brokerage account for the first time in eight years. Her ex-husband was still listed as the primary beneficiary on her IRA. The account had been opened before the divorce in 2011. Her will named her daughter. The IRA did not.

She downloaded the beneficiary change form from her brokerage's website, completed it, and mailed it in the following week. She then called her 401(k) plan administrator to check that account as well.
Sandra, 63 · Retired nurse · North Carolina
The Problem He Didn't Know He Had
He thought a living will and a durable power of attorney were the same document.

After reading the estate planning fundamentals article, he learned that a living will tells doctors what medical treatment you want if you can't speak for yourself. A durable power of attorney is a separate document that names someone to manage your finances. He had the first. He had never heard of the second.

He brought a printed copy of the article to an appointment with an estate planning attorney he found through his state bar's referral service. He left with both documents executed.
Robert, 71 · Retired engineer · Michigan
Our Standards
Primary sources only — IRS, SSA, CMS, state statutes
No product recommendations.
Education on how things work, not what you should do

First issue:
"Your will does not control your IRA."